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Robert Henry Charles (1855–1931) was an Irish biblical scholar and theologian. He left parochial work in 1889 to devote himself to biblical research and became the greatest authority of his time in matters of Jewish eschatology and apocrypha. He became a canon at Westminster Abbey in 1913 and archdeacon there in 1919. His books include Eschatology (1913, 2nd ed), Between the Old and New Testaments (1914), and his edition of The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament. (1913). He is known particularly for English translations of apocryphal and pseudepigraphal works, and editions including Jubilees (1895), the Book of Enoch (1906), and the Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs (1908) which have been widely used. Among his other publications are The Apocalypse (1920), Divorce and Nullity (1927), and The Resurrection of Man (1930). He was educated at the Belfast Academy, Queen's College, Belfast and Trinity College, Dublin. He gained a D.D. and became Professor of Biblical Greek at Trinity College.
Charles is primarily known as the editor and primary translator of the two volume set entitled The Apocrypha and Pseudepigrapha of the Old Testament (1913) and for his commentaries on various religious texts written between the closing of the Hebrew canon and the opening of the Christian. Religious Development Between the Old and the New Testaments is a general commentary on these texts and on the apocalyptic tenor characteristic of many of them and familiar to most readers in the later instance of the Apocalypse of John (aka The Book of Revelation).