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480 pages, Paperback
First published December 30, 2003
On Saturday night the demonstrators seemed particularly reluctant to leave Lincoln Park and chanted, “Revolution now!” and, “The park belongs to the people!” The police amassed their troops, and just as they seemed ready to attack, Allen Ginsberg mystically appeared and lead the demonstrators out of the park, loudly humming a single note: “Om.”
…
Sunday night the police started forcibly to clear Lincoln Park at 9:00. Abby Hoffman went up to them and in a mock scolding tone of voice, “Can’t you wait two hours? Where the hell’s the law and order in this town?” The police actually backed off until their posted 11:00 curfew.
The government was violent. The police were violent. The times were violent and revolution was so close.
In History it is always imprecise to attribute fundamental shifts to one exact moment. There was 1967 and 1969 and all the earlier years that made 1968 what it was. But 1968 was the epicenter of a shift, of a fundamental change, the birth of our postmodern media-driven world. That is why the popular music of the time, the dominant expression of popular culture in the period, has remained relevant to successive generations of youth.
…
The year 1968 was a terrible year and yet one for which many people feel nostalgia. Despite the thousands dead in Vietnam, the million starved in Biafra, the crushing of idealism in Poland and Czechoslovakia, the massacre in Mexico, the clubbing and brutalization of dissenters all over the world, the murder of the two Americans who most offered the world hope, to many it was a year of great possibilities and it is missed. As Camus wrote in The Rebel, those who long for peaceful times are longing for “not the alleviation but the silencing of misery.” The thrilling thing about the year 1968 was that it was a time when significant segments of population all over the globe refused to be silent about the many things that were wrong with the world. They could not be silenced. There were too many of them, and if they were given no other opportunity, they would stand in the street and shout about them. And this gave the world a sense of hope that it has rarely had, a sense of where there is wrong, there are always people who will expose it and try to change it.
Four factors merged to create 1968:
- the example of the civil rights movement, which at the time was so new and original;
- a generation that felt so different and alienated that it rejected all forms of authority;
- a war that was so hated so universally around the world that it provided a cause for all the rebels seeking one;
- and all of this occurring at the moment television was coming of age but was still new enough not to have yet become controlled, distilled, and packaged the way it is today.
"If the government had not thought they had to crush the movement, we never would have reached this point of a fight for liberation. There would have been a few demonstrations and that would have been it."
This generation, with its distrust of authority and understanding of television, and raised in the finest school of political activism, the American civil rights movement, was uniquely suited to disrupt the world. And then they were offered a war they did not want to fight and did not think should be fought... The young people of the generation, the ones who were in college in 1968, were the draftees. These younger member of the sixties generation, the people of 1968, had a fury in them that had not seen before.
It was a tonic for a population that had grown bored. Today photographs and film footage available from that time are of violence. To the average French participants however, it wasn't about violence at all, and that is not what they most remember. It was about a pastime for which the French have a rare passion: talking.
The real sense of 1968 was a tremendous sense of liberation, of freedom, of people talking, talking on the street, in the universities, in the theatres. A whole suystem of order and authority and tradition was swept aside. Much of the freedom today began in '68.
A rejection of materialism and a distaste for corporate culture were dismissed as not wanting to work. A persistent claim of a lack of hygiene was used to dismiss a different way of dressing, whereas neither beatniks nor hippies were particularly dirty.
Perhaps the single most influential writer for young people in the sixties was Algerian born French Nobel Prize laureate Albert Camus...In the 1960's students all over the world read The Plague and interpreted it as a call to activism.
A Martinique-born psychiatrist named Frantz Fanon became an international figure after he wrote a book in 1961 called Les damnés de la terre. Translated into 25 languages, the book was read by U.S. college students under the title, The Wretched of the Earth.
The American activists wanted a stop to the aggression. The Europeans wanted a defeat of colonialism - they wanted the US to be crushed just as the European colonial powers had been.
The thrilling thing about the year 1968 was that it was a time when significant segments of the population all over the globe refused to be silent about the many things that were wrong with the world. They could not be silenced....And this gave the world a sense of hope that it has rarely had, a sense that where there is a wrong, there are always people who will expose it and try to change it.