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It depends on how long the passages are, and how frequent. Italics become annoying in extended scenes. Maybe you could use narrower margins, along with scene breaks, if you have extended passages. In ebooks you don't have much of a choice, but in printed books you can use a different font. Try the various techniques and see how they look to you. If you like it, the reader probably will, too.
A lot of authors who do flashbacks use *** with a paragraph break before and after. Best way to let them know it is a flashback is to make sure the previous scene is time-stamped somehow, and the flashback scene is also. I remember in my first edition of my book, I had my MC drinking a cup of tea and then he was in the middle of a recollection. I did it several times and it appeared to disjoint the reader or suspect there was something in his tea giving him hallucinations. I eventually opted to write all but one scene in chronological order; but you do whatever works for you.

For my amnesiac's flashbacks it all depended on what was going on; active remembering or dream sequence.
If it was active remembering I just ended up using italics even if it was a longer bit (I haven't received any complaints about that style yet).
If it was a dream sequence I used a break in the story with tildes (~~~~~~), but that was my own take on breaks.
Morris's suggestion of asterisks works just as well.


Oh, and I also used a TON of italics.
No complaints...yet. *crosses fingers with Miss Amanda*

Oh, and I also used a TON of italics.
No complaints...yet. *c..."
Now I wanna use hearts:) I love that idea.

Just in case you wanted some different options ^_~
@Miss Joan: You could even separate flashbacks with different margins if you wanted. Like, skinnier, ya know?

The ship began to sing with the vibration of a clean re-entry.
Jane flicked the display from sub-orbital to re-entry mode. Then, holding the stick lightly, she settled into the new trajectory. The yellow cross on the display wandered around inside the green box—the eighty-footer was running true and stable, finding its own way down into the atmosphere with little help from Jane.
Back home at Hallsfield Farm on Mercia, there was a lake. One winter it had frozen over. She'd tried to scramble down the bank for a closer look at this rare thing called ice, tumbled and ended up skidding yards out onto the frozen surface, flat on her back, kicking helplessly. Her brother Tom, white with fear at her screams, had started to climb down to her but she'd already made her way back on hands and knees.
She'd asked him if she could do it again, please. Only, this time, could she do it the other way up, so that she could see where she was going?
He'd lifted her, blank incomprehension on his face—not understanding how, in that moment, his little sister had begun to tread the path that would take her to the pilot's seat.

My biggest worry is that I fear that I use too many dreams and flashbacks. My MC in the novel I am writing now has very frequent dreams (I was like that when I was young; tons of highly vivid dreams almost every night.) This is a trait of his and not something that happens to a lot of my characters, and also not a writing tool to progress the story. It plagues him and eats away at his conscience as the dreams generally deal with unresolved issues in his life.


You could also use Then and Now, depending on how long the flashback is. My WIP is about an amnesiac who can't remember anything that happened before her accident, so I write her present state of mind in first person POV. The only time she has a flashback is when her memory actually returns, so it flows as part of the present. I try to limit flashbacks as much as possible.

I believe conventional wisdom would say, "if it does not progress the story, it does not belong."
I this is very important for any kind of memory/flashback scenario. Make sure it truly serves a purpose in the story. IMHO, it should either be pertinent to an adjacent scene or tell us something vitally important about the character, or it is O-U-T!
As far as notations, I like Tim's suggestion (as a reader) of a header with something like: "TWO MONTHS EARLIER" and "PRESENT DAY" That is, unless you are trying to capture some sort of off-balance dreamlike quality throughout.


I bel..."
True enough, but in the story I mentioned, the dreams do quite a bit to reveal to the reader what is going through the MC's mind and why he behaves the way he does around other people, so yes, it contributes to the story and beats spending a lot of extra time in trying to explain what is going through his mind through exposition.
Joan