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April 18, 20191025 Bolesław Chrobry is crowned in Gniezno, becoming the first King of Poland
1506 The cornerstone of the current St. Peter's Basilica is laid in the Vatican
1775 Paul Revere and William Dawes ride from Charlestown to Lexington warning the "regulars are coming!"
1783 Fighting ceases in the American Revolution, eight years to the day when it began
1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire kills nearly 4,000 while destroying 75% of the city
1954 Colonel Gamal Abdal Nasser seizes power & becomes Prime Minister of Egypt
April 19, 20191770 British explorer Captain James Cook first sights Australia
1775 American Revolution begins in Lexington, Massachusetts. The "Shot Heard Round the World" took place in Concord later that day
1909 Joan of Arc receives beatification by the Roman Catholic Church
1995 Oklahoma City bombing - a truck bomb at Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building kills 168 & injures 500
2011 Fidel Castro resigns from the Communist Party of Cuba's central committee after 45 years of holding the title.
April 20, 20191862 First pasteurization test completed by Frenchmen Louis Pasteur and Claude Bernard
1902 Marie and Pierre Curie isolate the radioactive element radium chloride
1920 Balfour Declaration recognized, makes Palestine a British Mandate
1968 British politician Enoch Powell makes his controversial "Rivers of Blood" speech
1974 'The Troubles', the Northern Ireland conflict between republican and loyalist paramilitaries, British security forces, and civil rights groups, claims its 1000th victim
1980 Climax of Berber Spring in Algeria sees hundreds of Berber political activists arrested
1999 Columbine High School massacre: Eric Harris and Dylan Klebold kill 13 people and injure 24 others before committing suicide at Columbine High School, Colorado
2010 The Deepwater Horizon drilling rig explodes, killing 11 and causing the rig to sink, causing a massive oil discharge into the Gulf of Mexico and an environmental diaster
April 21, 2019753 BC Romulus and Remus found Rome (traditional date)
1526 Battle at Panipat: Central Asian conqueror Babur defeats Sultan Ibrahim Lodi, establishing the Mughal Empire in India
1792 Brazilian revolutionary Tiradentes, is hanged, drawn and quartered in Rio de Janeiro
1863 Bahá'u'lláh, founder of the Bahá'í Faith, enters garden of Rivden near Baghdad. He makes his declaration as a Messenger of God during the 12 days spent there
1918 World War I: German fighter ace Baron Manfred von Richthofen "The Red Baron", shot down and killed over Vaux sur Somme in France, Canadian pilot Arthur Roy Brown credited with the kill
1989 Thousands of Chinese crowd into Beijing's Tiananmen Square cheering students demanding greater political freedom
April 22, 20191500 Pedro Álvares Cabral is the first european to discover Brazil, landing near Monte Pascoal, claims it for Portugal
1915 1st military use of poison gas (chlorine, by Germany) in WW I
1976 Barbara Walters becomes 1st female nightly network news anchor (Today Show)
1993 Holocaust Memorial Museum dedicated in Washington D.C.
1994 7,000 Tutsi's slaughtered by Hutu in the stadium at Kibuye, Rwanda
2006 243 people are injured in pro-democracy protest in Nepal after Nepali security forces open fire on protesters against King Gyanendra.
2016 Paris Agreement on climate change signed in New York binding 195 nations to an increase in the global average temperature to less than 2°C above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the increase to 1.5°C
April 23, 2019215 BC A temple, built on the Capitoline Hill, is dedicated to Venus Erycina to commemorate the Roman defeat at Lake Trasimene
1014 King Brian Boru of Ireland defeats Viking forces at Battle of Clontarf, freeing Ireland from foreign control
1597 William Shakespeare's "The Merry Wives of Windsor" is first performed, with Queen Elizabeth I of England in attendance
1861 Robert E. Lee named commander of Virginia Confederate forces (US Civil War)
1968 1st decimal coins issued in Britain (5 & 10 new pence, replacing shilling and two-shilling pieces)
1984 AIDS-virus identified as HTLV-III (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
April 24, 20191479 BC Thutmose III ascends to the throne of Egypt, although power effectively shifts to Hatshepsut (according to the Low Chronology of the 18th Dynasty)
1184 BC The Greeks enter Troy using the Trojan Horse (traditional date)
1877 Russo-Turkish War, 1877-78: Russia declares war on the Ottoman Empire
1898 Spanish-American War: Spain declares war after rejecting US ultimatum to withdraw from Cuba
1916 Easter Rising of Irish republicans against British occupation begins in Dublin
1967 Vietnam War: American General William Westmoreland says in a news conference that the enemy had "gained support in the United States that gives him hope that he can win politically that which he cannot win militarily."
April 25, 20191660 English Convention Parliament meets and votes to restore Charles II
1792 Guillotine first used in France, executes highwayman Nicolas Pelletier
1846 Thornton Affair: Open conflict begins over the disputed border of Texas, triggering the Mexican-American War
1945 "Elbe Day" - US and Soviet forces meet at Torgau, Germany on the Elbe River during the invasion of Germany in WWII
1953 Francis Crick and James Watson's discovery of the double helix structure of DNA is published in "Nature" magazine
1954 Bell labs announces the 1st solar battery made from silicon. It has about 6% efficiency.
1990 Hubble space telescope is placed into orbit by shuttle Discovery
April 26, 20191478 Pazzi conspirators attack Lorenzo de'Medici and kill Giuliano de'Medici in Florence
1920 Harlow Shapley and Heber D. Curtis hold "great debate" on the nature of nebulae, galaxies and size of the universe at US National Academy of Sciences, Washington, D.C.
1945 Marshal Henri Philippe Petain, leader of France's Vichy collaborationist regime during WW II, arrested for treason
1956 First modern container ship, the Ideal X, leaves Port Newark, New Jersey for Houston, Texas
1986 World's worst nuclear disaster: 4th reactor at Chernobyl nuclear power station in USSR explodes, 31 die, radioactive contamination reaches much of Western Europe
2005 Under international pressure, Syria withdraws the last of its 14,000 troop military garrison in Lebanon, ending its 29-year military domination of that country.
April 27, 20191565 1st Spanish settlement in Philippines forms at Cebu City
1865 Steamboat "SS Sultana" explodes in the Mississippi River, killing up to 1,800 of the 2,427 passengers in the greatest maritime disaster in United States history. Most were paroled Union POWs on their way home.
1904 The Australian Labor Party under Prime Minister Chris Watson becomes the first Labor government in the world
1945 Italian partisans capture Benito Mussolini at Dongo (Lake Como)
2005 The Superjumbo jet aircraft Airbus A380 makes its first flight from Toulouse, France
April 28, 20191611 Establishment of the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas, The Catholic University of the Philippines, oldest existing university in Asia and largest Catholic university in the world
1770 British Captain James Cook, aboard the endeavour, lands at Botany Bay in Australia
1789 Fletcher Christian leads a mutiny on HMS Bounty against its captain William Bligh in the South Pacific
1910 First night air flight by Claude Grahame-White in England
1937 1st commercial flight across Pacific operated by Pan Am
1977 Andreas Baader and members of terrorist group the Red Army Faction (Baader-Meinhof Gang) jailed for life after a trial lasting nearly 2 years in Stuttgart, Germany
May 1, 20191707 Acts of Union comes into force, uniting England and Scotland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain
1753 Publication of Species Plantarum by Linnaeus, and the formal start date of plant taxonomy adopted by the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature
1841 First emigrant wagon train leaves Independence, Missouri, for California
1886 US general strike for 8-hour working day begins
1931 Empire State Building opens in New York City
May 2, 20191945 More than 1,000,000 German soldiers officially surrender to the Western Allies in Italy and Austria
1945 World War II: Battle of Berlin ends as Soviet army takes Berlin and General Weidling surrenders
1949 Arthur Miller wins Pulitzer Prize for "Death of a Salesman"
1982 Falklands War: Argentine cruiser General Belgrano sunk by British submarine Conqueror, killing more than 350 men
2008 Cyclone Nargis makes landfall in Myanmar killing over 130,000 people and leaving millions of people homeless
2011 Osama bin Laden, the suspected mastermind behind the September 11 attacks and the FBI's most wanted man is killed by US special forces in Abbottabad, Pakistan
May 3, 20191791 Constitution of May 3 is proclaimed by the Great Sejm (Parliament) of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, becoming the 1st modern constitution in Europe
1926 Britain's Trade Union Congress calls for the country's first ever general strike, begins at 1 minute to midnight in support striking coal miners, lasts 9 days
1937 Margaret Mitchell wins Pulitzer Prize for "Gone With the Wind"
1945 World War II: German ship "Cap Arcona" laden with prisoners sunk by Royal Air Force in East Sea, 5,800 killed - one of largest maritime losses of life
1947 Japan's post-war constitution goes into effect, granting universal suffrage, stripping Emperor Hirohito of all but symbolic power and outlawing Japan's right to make war
May 4, 20191471 Battle of Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, final battle between the Houses of Lancaster and York: Prince of Wales, Edward of Westminster killed and King Edward IV restored to his throne. Re-restores political stability to England until his death in 1483.
1814 King Ferdinand VII of Spain signs the Decree of the 4th of May, returning Spain to absolutism
1904 Construction begins by the United States on the Panama Canal
1979 Margaret Thatcher becomes the first woman to be elected Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
1886: A labor demonstration in Chicago turns into a riot when a bomb explodes. Seven police officers are killed, 60 others are wounded.
May 5, 20191260 Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan, becomes ruler of the Mongol Empire
1941 Ethiopian Emperor Haile Selassie returns to Addis Ababa
1955 West Germany is granted full sovereignty by its three occupying powers
1965 First large-scale US Army ground units arrive in South Vietnam
1980 Siege at Iranian Embassy in London ends as the SAS and police storm the building
1981 After 66 days on hunger strike, 26 year old Provisional IRA member and British MP Bobby Sands dies in the Maze Prision. Nine more hunger strikers die in the next 3 months.
May 6, 20191626 Dutch colonist Peter Minuit organizes the purchase of Manhattan Island from Native Americans for 60 guilders worth of goods, believed to have been Canarsee Indians of the Lenape
1840 World's first adhesive postage stamp, the "Penny Black", is first used in Great Britain
1889 Exposition Universelle (World's Fair) in Paris opens with the recently completed Eiffel Tower serving as the entrance arch
1941 Joseph Stalin becomes Premier of the Soviet Union
1954 Roger Bannister of the UK becomes the 1st person to run a 4 minute mile, recording 3:59:4 at Iffley Road, Oxford
May 7, 20191429 English siege of Orleans broken by Joan of Arc and the French army
1912 Columbia University approves plans for awarding the Pulitzer Prize in several categories, after established by Joseph Pulitzer
1915 RMS Lusitania sunk by German submarine off the southern coast of Ireland; 1198 lives lost
1939 Germany and Italy announce an alliance known as the Rome-Berlin Axis
1945 World War II: Unconditional German surrender to the Allies signed by General Alfred Jodl at Rheims
1952 The concept of the integrated circuit, the basis for all modern computers, is first published by Geoffrey Dummer
2017 Emmanuel Macron wins France's presidential election defeating Marine Le Pen
May 8, 20191660 English parliament declares Charles Stuart to be King Charles II of England
1835 1st installment of Hans Christian Andersen "Fairy Tales" published by C. A. Reitzel in Copenhagen, Denmark
1895 China cedes Taiwan to Japan under Treaty of Shimonoseki
1902 Mount Pelée on the French overseas island of Martinique erupts, wiping out the city of Saint-Pierre, killing 30,000 and leaving only two survivors
1945 V-E Day: WWII ends in Europe after Germany signs an unconditional surrender
1980 World Health Organization announces smallpox has been eradicated
2007 A new Northern Ireland Executive is formed with Ian Paisley (Democratic Unionist Party) as First Minister and Martin McGuinness (Sinn Féin) as Deputy First Minister
Treaty of Brétigny signed by English & French, ending the first phase of the Hundred Years' War
May 9, 20191386 Treaty of Windsor between Portugal and England (oldest diplomatic alliance in the world still in force)
1865 President Andrew Johnson issues a proclamation declaring armed resistance in the South is virtually at an end; this is the commonly accepted end date of the American Civil War
1901 The first Australian Parliament opens in Melbourne, though the first working session will not be until 21 May
1941 British intelligence at Bletchley Park breaks German spy codes after capturing Enigma machines aboard the weather ship Muenchen
1945 World War II: The Soviet Union marks Victory Day
1960 US becomes the first country to legalize the birth control pill
2018 Historic win in Malaysian general election by opposition coalition Pakatan Harapan led by 92 year old former Prime Minister Dr. Mahathir bin Mohamad, defeating Prime Minister Najib Razak and ending 61 years of rule by the Barisan Nasional coalition
May 9 - In 1962, scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology succeeded in reflecting a laser beam off the surface of the moon.
May 10, 20191775 Second Continental Congress convenes in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and issues paper currency for 1st time
1801 First Barbary War: The Barbary pirates of Tripoli declare war on the United States of America (1st US foreign war)
1857 Indian Mutiny against rule by the British East India Company begins with the revolt of the Sepoy soldiers in Meerut
1940 Winston Churchill succeeds Neville Chamberlain as British Prime Minister
1960 US atomic submarine USS Triton completes 1st submerged circumnavigation of the globe
1994 Nelson Mandela sworn in as South Africa's 1st black president
May 11, 2019330 Constantinople (Byzantium) becomes the capital of the Roman Empire
1189 Holy Roman Emperor Frederick I Barbarossa and 100,000 crusaders depart Regensburg for the Third Crusade
1751 Pennsylvania Hospital founded by Dr. Thomas Bond and Benjamin Franklin
1924 Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft and Benz & Cie begin their first joint venture (later merge into Mercedes-Benz)
1995 In New York City, more than 170 countries decide to extend the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty indefinitely and without conditions.
2000 India's population officially reaches 1 billion - Astha Arora named India's billionth baby
May 12, 20191789 William Wilberforce makes his first major speech on abolition in the UK House of Commons, reasoning the slave trade morally reprehensible and an issue of natural justice
1940 Nazi blitzkrieg and conquest of France begins with the crossing of the Muese River
1943 Axis forces in North Africa surrender
2002 Former US President Jimmy Carter arrives in Cuba for a five-day visit with Fidel Castro becoming first President of the United States, in or out of office, to visit the island since Castro's 1959 revolution.
2008 Wenchuan earthquake, measuring 7.8 in magnitude occurs in Sichuan, China, killing over 87,000, injuring 374,643 and leaving homeless between 4.8 million and 11 million people
May 13, 20191787 Arthur Phillip sets sails with 11 ships of criminals to Botany Bay, Australia
1830 Republic of Ecuador is founded, with Juan Jose Flores as president
1934 Great dustbowl storm sweeps across US prairies
1940 Winston Churchill says "I have nothing to offer but blood, toil, tears and sweat" in his first speech as Prime Minister to British House of Commons
1981 Pope John Paul II is shot and critically wounded by Turkish gunman Mehemet Ali Agca in St Peter's Square, Vatican City
1989 Approx 2,000 students begin hunger strike in Tiananmen Square, China
May 14, 20191787 Delegates gather in Philadelphia to draw up US constitution
1796 English country doctor Edward Jenner administers the first inoculation against smallpox, using cowpox pus, in Berkeley, Gloucestershire
1804 Meriwether Lewis & William Clark's expedition commissioned by Thomas Jefferson sets out from St Louis for Pacific Coast
1948 Israel declares independence from British administration
1796 -Jenner tests smallpox vaccine. Edward Jenner, an English country doctor from Gloucestershire, administers the world’s first vaccination as a preventive treatment for smallpox, a disease that had killed millions of people over the centuries.
While still a medical student, Jenner noticed that milkmaids who had contracted a disease called cowpox, which caused blistering on cow’s udders, did not catch smallpox. Unlike smallpox, which caused severe skin eruptions and dangerous fevers in humans, cowpox led to few ill symptoms in these women. On May 14, 1796, Jenner took fluid from a cowpox blister and scratched it into the skin of James Phipps, an eight-year-old boy. A single blister rose up on the spot, but James soon recovered. On July 1, Jenner inoculated the boy again, this time with smallpox matter, and no disease developed. The vaccine was a success. Doctors all over Europe soon adopted Jenner’s innovative technique, leading to a drastic decline in new sufferers of the devastating disease.
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-h...
Thanks for that unique bit of news Ruby.
Love your daily posts too Mod. Zuzu
Thank you, Beatrice. Nice to learn a little bit of history everyday!
May 15, 20191252 Pope Innocent IV issues the papal bull ad exstirpanda, which authorizes, but also limits, the torture of heretics in the Medieval Inquisition
1618 German astronomer Johannes Kepler discovers the third of his three planetary laws his "harmonics law"
1869 National Woman Suffrage Association forms in New York, founded by Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
1940 McDonald's opens its first restaurant in San Bernardino, California
1951 AT&T becomes the 1st US corporation to have a million stockholders after young car salesman Brady Denton purchases 7 shares worth $1,078
1988 USSR begins withdrawing its 115,000 troops from Afghanistan
May 16, 20191920 Joan of Arc (Jeanne D'arc) canonized a saint
1943 Operation Chastise: No. 617 Squadron RAF begins the famous dambusters Raid, bombing the Möhne and Eder dams in the Ruhr valley with bouncing bombs
1944 1st of 180,000+ Hungarian Jews reach Auschwitz
2013 Human stem cells are successfully cloned
May 17, 20191527 Pánfilo de Narváez departs Spain to explore Florida with 600 men - by 1536 only 4 survive
1792 24 merchants form New York Stock Exchange at 70 Wall Street
1803 John Hawkins & Richard French patent the Reaping Machine
1973 Senate Watergate Committee begins its hearings
2004 Massachusetts becomes the first U.S. state to legalize same-sex marriage
2014 The center-right Hindu Nationalist Party, the BJP, wins landslide election victory in India
May 18, 20191291 Mamluk Sultan Al-Ashraf Khalil and his forces take the last Christian stronghold of Acre
1291 After 100 years of crusader control, Acre is the last crusader stronghold reconquered and destroyed by the Mamluks under Sultan al-Ashraf Khalil
1804 Napoleon Bonaparte proclaimed Emperor of France by the French Senate
1896 Khodynka Tragedy: A mass panic on Khodynka Field, Moscow, during the festivities of the coronation of Russian Tsar Nicholas II, results in the deaths of 1,389 people
1974 India becomes the sixth nation to explode an atomic bomb
2009 Sri Lankan Civil War: The LTTE are defeated by the Sri Lankan government, ending almost 26 years of fighting between the two sides.
Testing for WitchesMay 18, 1648
Margaret Jones is tested to see if she is a witch. She was tested according to methods in the book The Discovery of Witches (1647) by Matthew Hopkins. The accused should be observed for 24 hours. If the person was a witch, then an imp would appear to feed off the witch. Imps were witch's familiars, who depended upon the witch for daily sustenance. Former Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony John Winthrop claimed to see the imp "In the clear light of day." She was then convicted and executed.
She was first victim of a witch-hunt that lasted from 1648 to 1693. About eighty people throughout New England were accused of practicing witchcraft, with over 20 executed for the crime.
May 19, 20191536 Anne Boleyn, second wife of English King Henry VIII, is beheaded at the Tower of London on charges of adultery, incest and treason
1643 Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut and New Harbor form the United Colonies of New England
1649 England is declared a Commonwealth by an act of the Rump Parliament making England a republic for the next 11 years
1885 German Chancellor Otto von Bismarck takes possession of Cameroon and Togoland
1898 US Congress passes the Private Mailing Card Act, allowing private publishers and printers to produce postcards, had to be labelled "Private Mailing Cards" until 1901, known as "souvenir cards"
1919 Mustafa Kemal Atatürk lands at Samsun on the Black Sea coast, beginning the Turkish War of Independence
May 21, 20191792 Mount Unzen on Japan's Shimabara Peninsula, erupts creating a tsunami, killing about 15,000; Japan's deadliest volcanic eruption
1832 1st Democratic National Convention (Baltimore)
1871 -July 28] French regular troops attack Commune of Paris; 17,000 die
1927 Aviator Charles Lindbergh, in the Spirit of St Louis, lands in Paris after the first solo air crossing of Atlantic
1932 After flying for 17 hours from Newfoundland, Amelia Earhart lands near Londonderry, Northern Ireland, becoming the 1st transatlantic solo flight by a woman
May 22, 2019334 BC The Macedonian army of Alexander the Great defeats Darius III of Persia in the Battle of the Granicus
1570 1st atlas 'Theatrum Orbis Terrarum' (Theatre of the World), published by Abraham Ortelius in Antwerp with 70 maps
1843 1st wagon train with 700 - 1000 migrants, departs Independence, Missouri for Oregon
1939 Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini sign "Pact of Steel" in Berlin, Germany
1946 First US rocket (WAC Corporal) to reach edge of space fired from White Sands Missile Range New Mexico
2014 Royal Thai Armed Forces, led by General Prayut Chan-o-cha stage a coup in Thailand, suspending the kingdom's constitution and taking control of the government, the 12th since the country's first coup in 1932
May 23, 20191618 Second Defenestration of Prague: Two Catholic Lords Regent and their secretary are thrown out of a window and amazingly are not seriously injured by the 70 foot (21m) fall. Triggers the Thirty Years' War.
1785 Benjamin Franklin announces his invention of bifocals
1813 South American independence leader Simón Bolívar enters Mérida, leading the invasion of Venezuela, and is proclaimed El Libertador ("The Liberator")
1949 Federal Republic of [West] Germany created out of the American, British and French occupation zones
1958 Mao Zedong starts the "Great Leap Forward" movement in China
1998 The Good Friday Agreement is accepted in a referendum in Northern Ireland with 75% voting yes.
May 24, 20191595 Nomenclator of Leiden University Library appears, the first printed catalog of an institutional library
1738 John Wesley is converted, launching the Methodist movement; celebrated annually by Methodists as Aldersgate Day
1844 Samuel Morse taps out "What hath God wrought" in the world's first telegraph message
1941 German battleship Bismarck sinks the British battle cruiser HMS Hood; 1,416 die, 3 survive
May 25, 20191720 The Ship "Le Grand St Antoine" reaches Marseille, bringing Europe's last major plague outbreak. Kills around 100,000
1810 In the May Revolution, citizens of Buenos Aires expel the Spanish Viceroy Cisneros during Semana de Mayo
1914 British House of Commons passes the Irish Home Rule Bill
1961 JFK announces US goal of putting a man on Moon before the end of decade
1925John Scopes is indicted for teaching Darwinian theory in school.
May 26, 20191896 Dow Jones begins an index of 12 industrial stocks (closing is 40.94)
1908 At Masjed Soleyman (مسجد سليمان) in southwest Persia, the first major commercial oil strike in the Middle East is made, rights acquired by the United Kingdom
1927 Henry Ford and the Ford Motor Company produce the last (and 15th million) Model T Ford / Tin Lizzie
1948 South Africa elects a nationalist government under D. F. Malan with an apartheid policy
2004 The United States Army veteran Terry Nichols is found guilty of 161 state murder charges for helping carry out the Oklahoma City bombing.
May 27, 20191679 Habeaus Corpus Act (strengthening person's right to challenge unlawful arrest & imprisonment) passes in England
1703 Saint Petersburg (Leningrad) founded by Russian Tsar Peter the Great
1873 Heinrich Schliemann discovers "Priam's Treasure" a cache of gold and other objects in Hisarlik (Troy) in Anatolia
1905 Japanese fleet destroys the Russian East Sea fleet in the Battle of Tsushima, the only decisive clash between modern steel battleships in history
1940 British and Allied forces begin the evacuation of Dunkirk (Operation Dynamo) during WWII
1963 Jomo Kenyatta elected 1st Prime Minister of Kenya
1999 The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia indicts Slobodan Milošević and four others for war crimes and crimes against humanity committed in Kosovo
2006 Earthquake strikes Java, Indonesia at 5:53:58 AM local time (22:53:58 UTC May 26) devastating Bantul and the city of Yogyakarta, killing over 6,600 people
May 28, 2019585 BC Solar eclipse, as predicted by Greek philosopher Thales, while Lydians at war with the Medes leads to a truce. One of the cardinal dates from which other dates calculated.
1431 Joan of Arc is accused of relapsing into heresy by donning male clothing again, providing justification for her execution
1588 Spanish Armada under the Duke of Medina-Sidonia departs Lisbon to invade England
1830 US Congress authorizes native Indian to be removed from all states to the western prairie
1936 Alan Turing submits "On Computable Numbers" for publication, in which he set out the theoretical basis for modern computers.
1972 White House "plumbers" first break in at the Democratic National Headquarters at Watergate Complex in Washington D.C.
May 29, 20191453 Constantinople, capital of the Eastern Roman Empire falls to the Turks under Muhammad II; ends the Byzantine Empire
1592 Battle of Sacheon: Korean navy led by Admiral Yi Sun Shin repels a Japanese fleet - first use of Korean Turtle ship
1660 On his 30th birthday Charles II returns to London from exile in the Netherlands to claim the English throne after the Puritan Commonwealth comes to an end
1851 Sojourner Truth addresses 1st Black Women's Rights Convention in Akron, Ohio
1953 Edmund Hillary (NZ) and Tenzing Norgay (Nepal) are first to reach the summit of Mount Everest as part of a British Expedition
In 1985, 39 people were killed at the European Cup Final in Brussels, Belgium, when rioting broke out and a wall separating British and Italian soccer fans collapsed.
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1387 Geoffrey Chaucer's "Canterbury Tales" characters begin their pilgrimage to Canterbury (according to scholars)
1492 Christopher Columbus signs a contract with the Spanish monarchs to find the "Indies" with the stated goal of converting people to Catholicism. This promises him 10% of all riches found, and the governorship of any lands encountered.
1895 Treaty of Shimonoseki is signed ending the First Sino-Japanese War (1894-95)
1961 1,400 Cuban exiles land in Bay of Pigs in a doomed attempt to overthrow Fidel Castro
1982 Proclamation of the Constitution Act by Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau